かった ほん ・しらない ひと
Describing with た & ない
Plain past in front of the noun — “the book I bought”.
かった ほん
Plain negative in front — “people who don't eat bread”.
たべない ひと
Inside a description it's ALWAYS plain form. ました・ません can't go there.
かいました ✗ → かった ✓
きのう かった ほんです。
Plain た inside — never かいました!
〜た ＋ N
“The book I bought”, “the movie I saw” — put the た-form (Phase E) in front of the noun. Same rule as Unit 42, just a different tense inside. 🔊 Tap to hear.
To describe a noun with something that already happened, use the た-form (Phase E) in front of it. Inside a describing sentence it’s ALWAYS the plain た — never ました.
〜ない ＋ N
And the negative works the same way: the ない-form (Phase D) in front of the noun — しらない ことば, “a word I don't know”. 🔊 Tap to hear.
“A person who DOESN’T …” works exactly the same way: put the ない-form (Phase D) in front of the noun. Plain ない — never ません.
クイズ
Choose the right form for the inside of each description. The polite forms (ました・ません) are always wrong in there — that's the whole trap.
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