ますけいで つくる ぶん
Sentence patterns with the masu-form
You can conjugate verbs — now put them in sentences. The trick is the little particle that comes before the verb: it tells the listener what role each word plays. Same verb, different particle → different meaning. That's the whole game.
みずを のみます。
“を” marks the thing you act on.
じょし と ますけい
Each card below is one particle slot. The particle is colored teal, the verb is in vermillion. Tap any sentence to hear it.
を marks the thing the action happens to (the object).
で marks where the action takes place.
へ (or に) marks the destination of movement.
に marks a clock time or the person you act toward — a different job from the place 〜に you met in Unit 4.
こうてい・ひてい・かこ
A whole sentence becomes negative or past just by changing the verb ending — the rest of the sentence stays exactly the same. 🔊 Tap any example to hear it.
かたち Form | れいぶん Example | いみ Meaning |
|---|---|---|
Affirmative こうてい いま | I drink coffee. | |
Negative ひてい いま | I don't drink coffee. | |
Past かこ | I drank coffee. | |
Past negative ひてい かこ | I didn't drink coffee. |
かいわ
Hear the particles を / で / へ used in real questions and answers.
まいあさ コーヒーを のみますか。
Do you drink coffee every morning?
はい、うちで のみます。
Yes, I drink it at home.
あした がっこうへ いきますか。
Will you go to school tomorrow?
いいえ、うちで やすみます。
No, I'll rest at home.
じょし あてクイズ
Read each sentence, think about the role of the word before ◯, and choose the particle that fits.
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