NihonGo
Unit 38 · Phase J finale

の・と・も

Linking words & “also”

Three more little connectors to finish Phase J: links two nouns (“my book”), means “and” / “with”, and means “also / too”. Then a quick wrap-up quiz across everyparticle you've learned.

これは だれの ほん?

わたしの ほんです。

Step 1

linking nouns (’s / of / from)

links two nouns. Most often it's possession (A の B = “A’s B”), but it also shows where something is from (にほんの くるま) and which group someone belongs to (かいしゃの しゃいん, だいがくの がくせい). 🔊 Tap to hear.

Aの B。
Aowner / origin / group
+
’s / of / from
+
Bthe thing / person

の links two nouns and tells you how B relates to A. Most often it’s possession (“A’s B”), but it also marks where something is FROM (a country’s product) or which GROUP someone belongs to (a company’s staff, a school’s student).

Step 2

“and” / “with”

joins nouns like “and” (A と B), and also marks the person you do something with. 🔊 Tap to hear.

A と B。/ 〜と [どうし]。
Aone thing
+
and / with
+
Bthe other

と joins nouns like “and” (A と B), and also marks the person you do something WITH.

Step 3

“also / too”

means “also / too”. Important: it replaces は・が・を— it doesn't stack on top of them. 🔊 Tap to hear.

〜も。
Nthe thing too
+
also
+
…as well

も means “also / too”. It REPLACES は, が or を — never stacks on top of them.

Step 4

Phase J まとめ

Pick the right particle

The big one: choose the right particle from everything in Phase J — は・が・を・に・で・の・と・も. Read the English and pick by meaning.

Question 1 / 20 · 0 correct

fill the blankわたし がくせいです。I'm a student too.
← Beginner Japanese index