を・に・へ
Choosing the right particle by meaning
What your action happens to.
みずを のみます
Where something is, or a point in time / date.
へやに ねこが います
Where you’re heading — with いく・くる・かえる.
にほんへ いきます
どれを つかいますか。
Pick the one that fits the meaning.
を
を marks the thing your action happens to — it goes right before the verb. 🔊 Tap any example to hear it.
を marks the direct object — the thing your action happens to. It sits right before the verb.
に
に has two jobs. First, it marks where something exists. 🔊 Tap to hear.
Use に to mark WHERE something or someone exists — the spot it’s located, with あります / います.
Second, it marks a point in time — a clock time or a day/date.
Use に for a point in TIME — a clock time, or the day/date when something happens.
へ
へmarks the direction you head — with いく (go), かえる (return) or くる (come). For destinations it's interchangeable with に (にほんへ＝にほんに) — both are fine. 🔊 Tap to hear.
へ marks the DIRECTION you head, with いく (go), かえる (return) or くる (come). For destinations へ and に are interchangeable — にほんへ＝にほんに, both are correct. (Written へ, read “e”.)
れんしゅう
Pick the particle that fits the meaning. (For destinations either に or へ works, so those aren't asked here.)
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